مدیریت وب‌سایت

Optogenetic stimulation of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex Ameliorates Autistic-Like Behaviors in Rats Induced by Neonatal Isolation, Caudate Putamen as a Site for Alterationm, 2019

Sayed javad javaheri, M. Bigdeli, M. Zibaee, L. Darghahi, H. Pouretemad, “Optogenetic stimulation of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex Ameliorates Autistic-Like Behaviors in Rats Induced by Neonatal Isolation, Caudate Putamen as a Site for Alteration” , NEUROMOLECULAR MEDICINE, Vol.21, pp.132-142, 2019.

Abstract

Epigenetic agents, such as neonatal isolation during neurodevelopmental period of life, can change various regions of the brain. It may further induce psychological disorders such as autistic-like phenomena. This study indicated the role of chronic increased anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) output on alteration of caudate putamen (CPu) as a main behavior regulator region of the brain in adult maternal deprived (MD) rats. For making an animal model, neonates were isolated from their mothers in postnatal days (PND 1-10, 3 h/day). Subsequently, they bilaterally received pLenti-CaMKIIa-hChR2 (H134R)-mCherry-WPRE virus in ACC area via stereotaxic surgery in PND50. After 22 days, these regions were exposed to blue laser (473 nm) for six consecutive days (15 min/day). Then, behavioral deficits were tested and were compared with control group in the following day. Animals were immediately killed and their brains were prepared for tissue processing. Results showed that neonatal isolation induces autistic-like behaviors and leads to overexpression of NMDAR1 and Nox2-gp91phox proteins and elevation of catalase activity in the CPu regions of the adult offspring compared with control group. Chronic optogenetic stimulation of ACC neurons containing (ChR2+) led to significant reduction in the appearance of stereotypical behavior and alien-phobia in MD rats. The amount of NMDAR1 and Nox2-gp91phox expression and the catalase activity in CPu were reduced after this treatment. Therefore, autistic-like behavior seems to be related with elevation of NMDAR1 and Nox2-gp91phox protein levels that enhance the effect of glutamatergic projection on CPu regions. Optogenetic treatment also could ameliorate behavioral deficits by modulating these protein densities.

 

 

Environmental Enrichment Ameliorates Repetitive Behaviors in a Rat Model of Autism. 2019

Mansouri, M., Pouretemad, H., Roghani, M., Wegener, G., & Ardalan, M. (2019). Environmental Enrichment Ameliorates Repetitive Behaviors in a Rat Model of Autism. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Cognition.

Abstract

Adverse environmental experiences during early life identified as potential concerns for neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with 1% prevalence among populations. Maternal separation (MS) is an animal model that is widely used to study long-term behavioral abnormality. To date, a great deal of studies is focused on the potential therapeutic role of environmental enrichment (EE) for the early life stress consequences inducing anxiety, depression and learning deficits. However, the influence of sex on the effect of environmental enrichment for the autistic-like behaviors induced by maternal separation has not been studied. The focus of the current study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of environmental enrichment on the behavioral deficits related to ASD in female Wistar rats. Pups were separated from the mothers for 3 hours daily from PND1 to PND14. After weaning time (PND21), the rats were subjected to environmental enrichment until behavioral tests day. On PND42-PND50 autism-related behaviors such as social interaction, stereotype behaviors, anxiety behavior, and locomotion were tested. The results showed that EE reduced stereotype behaviors in maternal separation rat model of autism but increased anxiety behavior (p< 0.05). Social behavior and locomotion decreased by maternal separation (p< 0.05) but EE had no significant effect on these behavioral abnormalities (p> ۰.۰۵). Current study demonstrates that repetitive behaviors induced by maternal separation can be treated by EE but the anxiety exacerbation may occur which needs more exploration.

 

بررسی نقصان حافظه صفات ارجاعی به خود در کودکان مبتلا به اتیسم در مقایسه با کودکان سالم، ۱۳۹۸

نجاتی،و، درستی،ک، پوراعتماد،ح. “بررسی نقصان حافظه صفات ارجاعی به خود در کودکان مبتلا به اتیسم در مقایسه با کودکان سالم، پژوهش های نوین روانشناختی, صفحات:۳۰۷-۳۱۸, ۱۳۹۸.

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه نقص حافظه صفات ارجاعی به خود در کودکان مبتلا به اوتیسم و سالم صورت گرفت. این پژوهش یک مطالعه مقطعی است. که در آن، ۱۵ کودک مبتلا به اتیسم با عملکرد بالا با ۱۵ کودک همتای عادی مقایسه شدند. آنها به انجام آزمون حافظه صفات ارجاعی (جهت ارزیابی حافظه صفات ارجاعی بهخود) پرداختند. جهت تحلیل داده ها تحلیل واریانس آمیخته مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. یافته ها حاکی از آن است که یادآوری و بازشناسی صفات ارجاعی بهخود در گروه عادی به طور معنی داری بیشتر از این میزان در گروه مبتلا به اتیسم است. بنابراین نتیجه گیری می شود که کودکان مبتلا به اتیسم در حافظه ارجاعی به خود نقص داشته و در شناخت دیگران و توانایی ذهنی سازی آگاهی خود از دیگران و متعاقب آن در شناخت خود دچار نقص هستند که این ضعف در به کار بردن اشتباه ضمایر شخصی، به کار بردن اسم خاص به جای ضمیر من برای نامیدن تصویر خود و ضعف در حافظه خودارجاعی که یک پدیده همایند از نقص در ذهنی کردن شناخت اجتماعی است، نمود می یابد.

 

 

تاثیرات رفتار اضافه اتیستیک بر کودک، والدین و تعامل آنها: پژوهش کیفی، ۱۳۹۸

اسماعیل شیری – کاندیدای دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی بالینی و سلامت، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
حمیدرضا پوراعتماد – استاد عصب روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی بالینی و سلامت، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
جلیل فتح آبادی – دانشیار روانشناسی تربیتی، گروه روانشناسی بالینی و سلامت، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
محمد نریمانی – استاد گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

همایش خانواده، اختلال اتیسم و چالش های همراه

 

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EEG study of facial emotion recognition in the fathers of autisticchildren

Mehdizadehfar, V., Ghassemi, F., Fallah, A., & Pouretemad, H. (2020). EEG study of facial emotion recognition in the fathers of autistic children. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 56, 101721.

Abstract

Problems in recognizing facial expressions have been observed in children and adults diagnosed withAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and provided deficits in social interactions. Mild autistic traits havebeen also detected in first-degree relatives of children with autism, so in this study, difficulty in facialemotion recognition in the fathers of children with autism is investigated using EEG signals. Fifteen bio-logical fathers of children with a diagnosis of autism and fifteen fathers of typically developing childrenwith no personal or family history of autism participated in this study. Recognition of the emotional facialexpression task was evaluated using a set of photos from Cohn-Kanade (ck+) consisting of 6 categories(mild and extreme anger, happiness, and sadness). Group Independent Component Analysis (gICA), powerspectra and wavelet power were used to analyze the participants’ EEG signals. Using ANOVA for groupcomparisons showed significant differences (P-value < 0.01) in the relative power and wavelet power ofgroup independent components in two frequency ranges (theta and beta). Post-hoc comparisons showedthat the central, right occipital and parietal power of group-ICs differentiated the two groups in recog-nition of emotions and also, more power differences were detected in recognition of the lower intensitylevel of emotions in beta frequency (P-value < 0.01). According to the obtained results, ASD fathers haddifficulty in identifying facial expressions, in particular, mild expressions, suggesting that ASD fathersmay have impaired recognition of emotions as do autistic children.